This site is the most comprehensive on the web devoted to trans history and biography. Well over 1400 persons worthy of note, both famous and obscure, are discussed in detail, and many more are mentioned in passing.

There is a detailed Index arranged by vocation, doctor, activist group etc. There is also a Place Index arranged by City etc. This is still evolving.

In addition to this most articles have one or more labels at the bottom. Click one to go to similar persons. There is a full list of labels at the bottom of the right-hand sidebar. There is also a search box at the top left. Enjoy exploring!

08 May 2015

Willy de Bruijn (1914 - 1989) champion cyclist, café owner

Elvire de Bruijn from Aalst, Belgium was four times Belgian, European and world cycling champion between 1934 and 1937. De Bruijn's average speed was 33 km/hour which was regarded as a male speed.

Having heard about Zdenek Koubkov, de Bruijn investigated and became a man in 1937 with surgery in Paris.

He later married and opened Café Dedenderleeuw in Brussels, where he reminded people that he had been Elvire.
DE.WIKIPEDIA     Radsportseiten

06 May 2015

Barbara Dayton (1926 – 2002) Part II: librarian, pilot


Continued from Part I.
On November 24, 1971, Thanksgiving Eve, a man using the name Dan Cooper purchased a walk-on ticket for a 727 flight from Portland, Oregon to Seattle. He handed a note to a stewardess to the effect that he had a bomb. He demanded $200,000 in unmarked twenty-dollar bills and two sets of sports parachutes. These being provided, he allowed the passengers to disembark at Seattle. Cooper demanded that the plane, now refueled, take off for Mexico City via Reno, no faster than 170 knots at 10,000 feet, and that the cabin be left unpressurized. He sent all the crew into the cockpit. He then opened the back door and after a while jumped. Due to a miscommunication with the media, the perpetrator came to be referred to as DB Cooper. The FBI was unable to find the parachute, a body or the money. Until September 2001 this is the only unsolved hijacking of a US aircraft. As a result metal detectors were introduced at commercial airports, and 727 aircraft were altered to ensure that the rear door could not be opened in flight. Bill Dayton, watching the news reports about the hijacking thought that he recognized his brother.
In December 1971, at a follow-up interview, the doctors noted that Barbara had a much more positive attitude to things, and shortly afterwards she was able to get a job at the Suzzallo Library at the University. She came out to her son, Dennis.

In 1973 Barbara bought a surplus airplane. Dennis and his new wife accepted Barbara, but Dennis  died of a drug overdose in May 1975. The funeral led to a reconciliation with daughter Rena whom Barb had not seen for ten years.

In 1977 Pat and Ron Forman met Barb at the Thun Field airstrip. Some months later Barb accepted invitations and became a regular dinner guest at the Furmans on Sunday nights. In February 1978 she told them that she had been a transsexual.

In Summer 1979 a group of pilots were discussing the DB Cooper affair when Barb surprisingly denied that Cooper was a fool and revealed detailed knowledge of the case. Ron joked that Barb must be DB Cooper. Later Barb admitted that she – in reverse drag - really had been DB Cooper, although she subsequently denied it.

On February 10, 1980 an eight-year-old boy found $5,800 of the DB Cooper money on the banks of the Columbia river (while the money was not marked, the serial numbers had been recorded).

In June 1980 Barb lost her pilot's license due to medical problems, but kept flying anyway. In 1988 Barb retired from her library job, and opened an aircraft restoration shop at Thun Field airstrip with Bob Birch who had been flirting with her for some time. She lived in a room at the shop. The business lasted for 4 years.  When they sold it, Barb moved in with Bob in Tacoma, Washington, and as he deteriorated with age, she became his full-time carer despite family antagonism to her presence. Bob died in December 1997 and Barb disappeared within hours.

She settled in a mobile home near Carson City, Nevada living sparsely on social security and gambling whatever she could in nearby casinos. Barbara Dayton died aged 76.

Her friends, Pat and Ron Forman, contacted Barbara's family, were given diaries and letters, and wrote up their experience with her as a book, published in 2008. They contacted the FBI and showed the evidence that Barbara was DB Cooper, but never heard back from the FBI.

The National Geographic cable channel broadcast a special on the DB Cooper case in July 2009. They filmed material re Barb Dayton, interviewed the Formans and hired a female pilot to wear a wig and fly a Cessna 140. However all Dayton material was pulled when sent to senior management: "executives at National Geographic cited three reasons for pulling the Dayton footage: one, Barb Dayton’s sex-change was too controversial; two, the story line was too complex for a one-hour broadcast; and three, the FBI did not consider Dayton to be a credible suspect".
EN.WIKIPEDIA(DBCOOPER)  
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Of the several books on DB Cooper, most at least mention Barbara Dayton.    I know of no book on LGBT or trans Seattle that mentions the city's first surgical transsexual. Anne Lawrence, also of Seattle, in Men Trapped in Men's Bodies: Narratives of Autogynephilic Transsexualism discusses several published biographies of those she considers to be autogynephilic but chose not to include Dayton, despite writing five years after the Formans' book.

There are several other candidates for being DB Cooper.  Dayton certainly had an appropriate skill set: flying planes, parachuting, handling dynamite.   It certainly seems that Dayton either did or experienced something in November 1971.  The doctors at the University clinic noted a distinct change.   Her motivation would be resentment about having to pass theory and algebra tests to become a commercial pilot although it was not needed for the actual job.   Certainly there is no evidence that she ever spent the ransom money.  Here is a photograph of Dayton just before transition next to the FBI picture based on witness statements.

04 May 2015

Barbara Dayton (1926 – 2002) Part I: merchant sailor, soldier, mechanic.

Bobby Dayton was the eldest of the three sons of Elmer and Berneice Dayton. After several moves they settled in Long Beach, in Los Angeles. The youngest son, Jimmy, died in a horse riding accident aged 13.

In 1944, aged 17, Bobby joined the US merchant marine. He would secretly cross-dress in obscure parts of the ship where he was never discovered. He was several times fined $100s for missing his ship when it sailed. One time he was lost in the Mindanao jungle in the Philippines, and fought with the local Muslims against the Japanese.

While he was at sea the Dayton family purchased a ranch close to Merced, California. When Bobby returned he helped improve the ranch including using dynamite to reroute a water course.

In 1946 Bobby enlisted in the US Army hoping to train as a pilot, but failed the radar class. At the age of 22 he had a platonic date with 15-year-old Dixie, and her parents insisted that they marry. They agreed to do so and had two children, Dennis and Rena. Dixie soon discovered Bobby's cross-dressing, but felt that she could not tell anyone.

After the army Bobby got by, alternating manual work, such as electrician or plasterer or fixing cars, and stints on merchant vessels. In December 1954 Bobby's brother Bill eloped with and married Dixie's sister, Sharon. A few months later Bobby and Dixie separated. Whenever Bobby had spare cash, he took flying lessons, and by June 1959 he had a private pilot's license. In February 1960 he took the test for a commercial flying license but failed on the theory and algebra.

For a while he was in a Hells Angels Motorcycle gang, but quit in disgust after a rape incident. Another time he survived for eight days in the Yukon wilderness without food. He was an experienced sky-diver but gave it up as boring. In April 1961 Bobby again failed the written part of the test to become a commercial pilot. He alternated working in the shipyards in Seattle, with prospecting in Alaska and the Yukon.

In March 1965, Bobby married again, to Cindy who already had three children. In May 1967 they declared bankruptcy, and in July Bobby was on a ship to Vietnam where he was on double pay because it was a war zone. When he returned Cindy had disappeared.

By now Bobby had heard that the Johns Hopkins hospital in Baltimore was doing sex change operations. Cindy and the children returned, and they went to Baltimore together. He found work in the shipyards there, but otherwise dressed female and applied to the John Hopkins Gender Identity Clinic. After four months they declined the application based on age, appearance and numerous tattoos. Also Bobby could not afford the fee.

Bobby and family returned to Seattle, and shortly afterwards Bobby and Cindy separated and then divorced. Dayton later estimated that he had had 150 jobs up to this point. Cindy remained a friend, and supported Bobby as she applied to the University of Washington Hospital. Dayton changed her name to Barbara, and lived as female for six months, staying with Cindy and her new boyfriend. The University clinic then accepted her.

Surgery was in December 1969, the first done at that clinic. Ten days later Barbara returned to surgery for a colostomy. Her parents arrived, and stayed with Cindy. Follow-up operations continued through 1970 and 1971. Barbara trained in data processing, but was unable to find any work, and was frequently depressed. She had still not told her children.

Continued in Part II

01 May 2015

Sandra MacRae (1942–) solicitor, SNP candidate

MacRae, from Dundee, the son of a Church of Scotland minister, attended schools in London and Paris, and then did a law degree at Edinburgh University. He did voluntary work for two years in Ghana, and married a Ghanaian nurse.

MacRae returned to Scotland taking a position in the Falkirk local government, and then becoming director of administration of the Comhairle nan Eilean Siar (Western Isles Council). He played for Stornaway Rugby Club. He was a Scottish Nationalist Party (SNP) Candidate in Edinburgh in 1966, 1970 and 1974.

In the mid-1970s MacRae left wife, job and the Western Isles, transitioned, and as Sandra joined the legal services department at Inverness District Council in 1979. She had surgery in Glasgow in 1984. She held posts with Angus District Council and with the Ethnic Minorities Law Centre in Glasgow. She worked in private practice in East Calder before returning to Dundee to set up Alexandra MacRae & Co. She specialised in immigration law and working for ethnic minority groups.

Sandra was the SNP candidate in Glasgow Provan in 1992, taking 21.7% of the vote and coming second to Labour.

In 1997 she disappeared and it transpired that £18,000 was missing from her law practice. After seven weeks she was arrested at King's Cross Station, London, and appeared and was arraigned in Dundee. She admitted to embezzling money from a client's account in order to pay her Dundee firm's debts. She was struck off and later sentenced to 15 months. She then made history as the first trans woman in the UK to be sent to a women's prison. She served the time in the women's wing at Craiginches Prison, Aberdeen.

However, she appeared in court again in 2001 and was sentenced to three years when another embezzlment of  almost £100,000 came to light.  It was taken from an elderly client before her death, and then from the estate. Shares had been sold, and the proceeds put into accounts in MacRae's name. This time she was jailed for three years.

*not the journalist, nor the Nova Scotia writer
EN.WIKIPEDIA(Glasgow Provan)

30 April 2015

Andrei Ivanovich (192? - ?)

Andrei Ivanovich was living in Karaganda, Soviet Kazakhstan, in 1965 when he was included in a study by psychiatrist Elizaveta Derevinskaia. She referred to him as ‘O.A.’. Andrei had male identity papers, and was officially married to his wife and had adopted her children.

* not the classical pianist
  • Elizaveta Derevinskaia. Materially k klinike, patogenezu, terapii zhenskogo gomoseksualizma. Doctoral thesis. Karaganda State Medical Institute. 1965.
  • Dan Healey. Homosexual Desire in Revolutionary Russia: The Regulation of Sexual and Gender Dissent. Chicago and London: The University of Chicago Press xvi, 392 pp 2001: 242, fig 25.

27 April 2015

Anton Prinner (1902 – 1983) artist, sculptor

Anna Prinner was the only daughter of four children of an accountant father and a pianist mother. She studied at the University of Fine Arts School in Budapest. In 1926 two of Prinner's paintings were by error hung in the Fine Arts Museum and were a great success.

Prinner moved to Paris in 1927, taking a male name and from then wearing male clothes, a beret and smoking a pipe. Picasso would greet him as "Monsieur Madame". Anton had a constructivist period from 1932, and a figurative period from 1937. He did his first wooden sculpture in 1940, a medium that he so made his own that Picasso called him the "petit pivert" (little woodpecker). Himself only 1.5 metres, he carved statues up to five metres high.

Anton spent most of the German occupation in hiding. In 1950 He settled in Vallauris, close to Antibes and to Italy, as had Picasso. He made ceramics and sculptures, including esoteric statues and protective deities. After 1954 Prinner discovered a passion for ancient Egypt and esotericism. He did an androgynous female Pharaoh, and a female Buddha.

However, exploited by the owner of the studio and robbed by others, he abandoned sculpture. He wrote in an autobiography: "Je veux faire des choses qui ne plaisent à personne pour éviter qu'on ne me vole" (I want to do things that please nobody, so that I will not be robbed).

He returned to Paris, and to painting, in 1964, and was exhibited. However he died in poverty at age 81. Prinner never returned to Hungary except for a quick visit in 1930, and never discussed his gender change.
  • Anton Prinner. Le livre des morts des anciens Egyptiens.. 1948.
  • Anton Prinner. La femme tondue. Paris: APR, 1946.
  • Anton Prinner & Lionel Le Barzic. Le Tarot ésotérique et poétique de Prinner: et le développement scientifique, poétique, anecdotique de la cartomancie. [S.l.]: Édition Aujourd'hui, 1976. Anton Prinner,. Anton Prinner, 1902-1983. Paris: Binoche et Godeau, 1985.
  • Anton Prinner & Philippe Rollet. Anton Prinner: (1902 - 1983); [cet ouvrage est édité à l'occasion de l'Exposition Anton Prinner, présentée au Musée de l'Abbaye Sainte-Croix des Sables d'Olonne du 1er juillet au 1er octobre 2006 et à l'Institut hongrois de Paris en 2007]. Paris: Editions du Panama, 2006.
  • Anton Prinner & Benoît Decron. Anton Prinner: [exposition présentée au Musée de l'abbaye Sainte-Croix des Sables d'Olonne du 1er juillet au 1er octobre 2006 et à l'Institut hongrois de Paris en 2007. Paris: Panama, 2006.
  • Cserba Júlia. "Anton Prinner különös világa". Artmagazin, 2007/2:78-80. www.artmagazin.hu/artmagazin_hirek/anton_prinner_kulonos_vilaga.994.html.
  • Florence La Bruyere. "Anton Prinner, entre mystère et ésotérisme: Le musée Ernst de Budapest rend hommage à l'enfant du pays, qui se choisit un prénom masculin". Libération Culture, 7 mai 2007. www.liberation.fr/culture/2007/05/07/anton-prinner-entre-mystere-et-esoterisme_92262.
  • "Déplacements à l’abbaye Sainte-Croix". Animula vagula, 25.01.2008. http://animulavagula.hautetfort.com/tag/anton+prinner.
  • Gál-Szende Gabriella. "Egy nő, akinek elhitték, hogy férfi". Folium Verde, február 15, 2015. www.foliumverde.com/egy-no-akinek-elhittek-hogy-ferfi.
FR.WIKIPEDIA     L'AgoradesArts     CriticalLapok

25 April 2015

Lucy Lawson (Hicks) (Anderson) (1886 - 1954) cook, madam

Tobias Lawson was born in Waddy, Kentucky. By the time she started school, she was insisting on wearing dresses, and called herself Lucy. Her mother took her to a physician and was advised to raise the child as a girl.

Lucy Lawson left school at fifteen, and worked as a domestic servant. In her twenties, Lucy moved to Pecos, Texas and worked in a hotel for a decade. In 1920 Lucy married Clarence Hicks in Silver City, New Mexico, and then moved to Oxnard, California.

Mrs Hicks worked as a cook and nanny, in particular for the Donlon family. She won prizes in cooking competitions. She saved her money and purchased a downtown property. In 1929 she divorced Mr Hicks. There was less work available during the Depression years, and by the Second World War, Lucy was running a bordello, and was frequently arrested for being a madam.


One of her girls contracted a venereal disease, and the entire house was medically examined, which led to the discovery that Lucy was male-bodied. In 1944 Lucy married Reuben Anderson, a soldier stationed in New York.

In 1945 Mrs Anderson was convicted of perjury in that in applying for a marriage license she had sworn that there were “no legal objections to the marriage". She was sentenced to ten years probation. Challenging the doctors who had proclaimed that she was male, She insisted: “I defy any doctor in the world to prove that I am not a woman. I have lived, dressed, acted just what I am, a woman".

In 1946 both Lucy and Reuben were convicted and imprisoned for fraud in that Lucy had received payments as the wife of a soldier. After release Lucy attempted to return to Oxnard, but the local police chief warned her to stay away.

Lucy Anderson spent the remainder of her life in Los Angeles until her death in 1954, at age 68.

* not the parliamentarian
LegacyProjectChicago
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It is very noteworthy that a doctor in the 1890s suggested that a trans girl actually be raised as a girl.

Lucy was quite a woman. She was 58 when Reuben married her.

There is no mention of whether Lucy was allowed to sell her house in downtown Oxnard, or was otherwise compensated for its loss.

Was she sent to a women's prison?
p89 of Oxnard: 1941-2004.